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ISLAMIC PHILOSOPHY |
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Groundwork in Islamic Philosophy, by Macksood A. Aftab Select: Conclusion - Bibliography There is a strong tradition of rigorous Islamic thought on philosophical issues. Issues in Islamic metaphysics and epistemology are varied and complex. There are strong and useful similarities of thought within Muslim and Western thought. Western philosophers have expanded upon many of the debates originating within the Islamic world, as the Muslims had done earlier with the Greek scholars. It would be a mistake, however, to consider Islamic thought a relic of the past. Islamic philosophy is showing signs of significant recovery and with the emergence of an integrated worldview, it will be a viable discipline. The consensus among modern Muslim philosophers seems to be moving away from the purely empirical arguments for God's existence. The recent consensus of Islamic thinkers like Ghazzali, Al-Attas and Iqbal seem to prefer arguments from religious experience over the rational arguments. Apart from the basic question of how faith and reason interact in epistemology, there are significant other issues in philosophy that need study. For instance, is there an Islamic response to the mind-body problem? Are we to reject the concept of the soul as Kant did since it is an obscure concept? Or can it be reinterpreted to be read as the mind? If so, what constitutes the mind? Does Islam provide its own ethical framework? If so, what are its principles and does it resolve the problems with Western ethical theories (of Aristotle, Kant, Mill or Nietzche)? How does Islam tackle the radical existentialism of Sartre or Heidegger? These are just some of the other problems, besides those in epistemology and metaphysics that will face future Muslim philosophers. Resolving these problems will have profound implications on the Islamic worldview and values. It is also a prerequisite to any tangible and independent Islamic academic philosophy. In the modern context it is important, for Islamic thought at least, to reassert itself clearly and define its parameters upon which a modern Islamic epistemology can be built. The work of European and American philosophers cannot be ignored, and their criticism should be used to recreate the vigor of Islamic philosophy which has been lost over the past few centuries.
Ali, Abdullah Yusuf, The Holy Qur'an: Text, Translation and Commentary [Brentwood: Amana Corp., 1989] Al-Attas, Syed Muhammad Naquib, Prolegomena to the Metaphysics of Islam [Kuala Lumpur: International Institute of Islamic Thought and Civilization, 1995] Al-Ghazzali Tahafut Al-Falasifah, The Incoherence of Philosophers, translated by Sabih Ahmad Kamali. [Lahore: Pakistan Philosophical Congress, 1963] Al-Ghazzali, Freedom and Fulfillment [Boston: Twayne Publications, 1980] Anees, Munawar, "Islam and Scientific Fundamentalism." New Perspectives Quarterly (Center for the Study of Democratic Institutions), Vol 10 - No. 3, 1993, p. 61. Atiyeh, George N., Al-Kindi: The Philosopher of the Arabs [Islamabad: Islamic Research Institute, 1985] Averroes (Ibn Rushd), The Incoherence of the Incoherence (Tahafut al-Tahafut) [London: Luzac, 1954] Awliya, Nizam Ad-Din, Morals for the Heart, translated by Bruce B. Lawrence. [New York: Paulist Press, 1992] Baharuddin, Azizan, "Iqbal's Relationship to Mysticism: His Reconciliation of Science and Religion" [Institute of Policy Research. Seminar on Muhammad Iqbal and the Asian Renaissance, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 1997] Cassirer, Ernst, Kant's Life and Thought [New Haven: Yale University Press, 1981] Corbin, Henry, History of Islamic Philosophy [London: New York: Kegan Paul International, 1993] Craig, William Lane Graham, Oppy on the Kalam Cosmological Argument [New York: Barnes and Nobles, 1979] (http:www.leaderu.com/offices/billcraig/docs/oppy.html) Dancy, Jonathan and Ernest Sosa, A Companian to Epistemology [Malden: Blackwell Publishers, 1997] DeBoer, T. J., The History of Philosophy in Islam, translated by Edward R. Jones [New Delhi: Cosmo, 1983] Fakhry, Majid, A History of Islamic Philosophy [New York: Columbia University Press, Longman, 1983] Hasan, R., The Main Philosophical Ideas in Iqbal's Writings [University of Durham, 1968] Hick, John, Philosophy of Religion [Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice Hall, 1990] Hourani, George F., Averroes: On the Harmony of Religion and Philosophy [London: Lowe & Byrondone, 1976] Iqbal, Muhammad, The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam [Lahore: Institute of Islamic Culture, 1986] Landau, Rom, The philosophy of Ibn `Arabi [London: Allen & Unwin, 1959] Leaman, Oliver, An Introduction to Medieval Islamic Philosophy [New York: Cambridge University Press, 1985] Marmura, Micheal (ed.), Islamic Theology and Philosophy [Albany: State University of New York Press, 1984] Maruf, Mohammed, Iqbal's Philosophy of Religion [Lahore: Islamic Book Service, 1988] McDonough, Sheila, "Iqbal: His Metaphysical Ideas" [Concordia University, China. Seminar on Muhammad Iqbal and the Asian Renaissance, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 1997] Nasr, Seyyed Hossein, An introduction to Islamic cosmological doctrines [Albany: State University of New York Press, 1993] Paley, William, Natural Theology [Boston: Lincoln and Edmands, 1831] Platinga, Alvin, God, Freedom and Evil [Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1977] Pojman, Louis P., Philosophy of Religion: An Anthology [Belmont: Wadsworth Pub. Co., 1994] Qadir, C. A., Philosophy and Science in the Islamic World [New York: Croom Helm, 1988] Ramey, Bill, "The Kalam Cosmological Argument: A Summary," 1998 (http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/billramey/kalam.html) Russell, Bertrand, A History of Western Philosophy [New York, Simon and Schuster, 1945] Sharif, M. M., A History of Muslim Philosophy [Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1966] Sheikh, Saeed M., "Studies in Muslim Philosophy" [Lahore, Pakistan Philosophical Congress, 1962] Sheikh, Saeed M., Islamic Philosophy [London: Octagon Press, 1982] Sober, Elliott, Philosophy of Biology [Boulder: Westview Press, 1993] Wan Daud, Wan Mohd. Nor, The Concept of Knowledge in Islam [London: Mansell, 1989]
Copyright (c) 2000 by Macksood A. Aftab. All Rights Reserved. Reprinted with permission. |
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