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Adventures in Philosophy

JEWISH PHILOSOPHY

Introduction & Directory

Jewish Philosophy Index


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Knowledge, Love and Desire

by Judah Abravanel

 

Knowledge must precede all love; for we could not love anything we had not first known to be good. Nor can we love anything before we conceive of it as an actuality. Our mind is a mirror and model, or to be more specific, an image of real things. Therefore we can love nothing, until we can perceive its existence in reality.

It cannot be denied that knowledge precedes desire. Knowledge is not only concerned with what is, but also that which is not. For our mind judges things as it perceives them to be; it judges things which are not, in the same fashion. Thus I would say that love presupposes a knowledge of things which are, and a desire of those things which are not which we lack.

Knowledge without love is of those things which are not beautiful, and therefore not desirable; or of bad and ugly things that are hated; or of things which are neither desired nor hated. All other knowledge of good and beautiful things either has love or desire as its end.

Every degree of being in the universe is subordinate to another, and graded from the lowest to the highest. In man himself, the lesser faculties are subordinate to the greater; to wit: those of the vegetable soul to those of the sensitive; those of the sensitive to those of the intellectual. The intellectual is the finest and highest faculty, not only in Man, but in all of the lower world. Even in the intellectual, activities are graded from the lowest to the highest in order of intelligible objects. The highest and final intelligible object is the highest being, and the ultimate end to which all things are ordered. The acme and objective of intellectual activity is that celestial, angelic intellect, to which all others are subordinate. In the same way...the various loves in the created universe are subordinate, from the lowest to the highest, up to that final and supreme love, that of the universe for its creator.

The Cambridge Companion
to Medieval Jewish Philosophy,
by Daniel H. Frank



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