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Allegorical
Meaning of the Downfall of Mankind
by Philo Judaeus
Its juggleries and deceits pleasure does not
venture to bring directly to the man, but first
offers them to the woman, and by her means to the
man; acting in a very natural and sagacious manner.
For in human beings the mind occupies the rank of
the man, and the sensations that of the woman. And
pleasure joins itself to and associates itself with
the sensations first of all, and then by their
means cajoles also the mind, which is the dominant
part. For, after each of the senses has been
subjected to the charms of pleasure, and has learnt
to delight in what is offered to it, the sight
being fascinated by varieties of colors and shapes,
the hearing by harmonious sounds, the taste by the
sweetness of flowers, and the smell by the
delicious fragrance of the odors which are brought
before it, these all having received these
offerings, like handmaids, bring them to the mind
as their master, leading with them persuasion as an
advocate, to warn it against rejecting any of them
whatever. And the mind being immediately caught by
the bait, becomes a subject instead of a ruler, and
a slave instead of a master, and an exile instead
of a citizen and a mortal instead of an immortal.
For we must altogether not be ignorant that
pleasure, being like a courtesan or mistress, is
eager to meet with a lover, and seeks for panders
in order by their means to catch a lover. And the
sensations are her panders, and conciliate love to
her, and she employing them as baits, easily brings
the mind into sensations conveying within the mind
the things which have been seen externally, explain
and display the forms of each of them setting their
seal upon a similar affection. For the mind is like
wax, and receives the impressions of appearances
through the sensations, by means of which it makes
itself master of the body, which of itself it would
not be able to do, as I have already said.
And those who have previously become the slaves
of pleasure immediately receive the wages of this
miserable and incurable passion. For the woman
having received vehement pains, partly in her
travail, and partly such as are a rapid succession
of agonies during the other portions of her life,
and especially with reference to the bringing forth
and bringing up of her children, to their diseases
and their health, to their good or evil fortune, to
an extent that utterly deprives her of her freedom
and subjects her to the dominion of the man who is
her companion, finds it unavoidable to obey all his
commands. And the man in his turn endures toils and
labors, and continual sweats, in order to the
providing of himself with necessaries, and he also
bears the deprivation of all those spontaneous good
things which the earth was originally taught to
produce without requiring the skill of the farmer,
and he is subjected to a state in which he lives in
incessant labor, for the purpose of seeking for
food and means of subsistence, in order to avoid
perishing by hunger.
Excerpted from The Works of
Philo
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Message
of Philo Judaeus of
Alexandria,
by
Kenneth S. Guthrie
The
Works of Philo:
Complete
and Unabridged
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