|
These
are links to articles and essays which appear
elsewhere on the Internet. This material is NOT on
our website. Because the Academy lists material
from other websites on the Internet does not imply
acceptance or approval of the comments or opinions
expressed by the author of the material. Nor is the
Academy responsible for any misrepresentation of
the facts included. It is your job to be a critical
reader.
Posted on January 1,
2006
Introduction and resources by Byron Barlowe,
Editor/Webmaster, Leadership
University
Anne Rice has gone from writing vampire novels
to authoring Jesus' unauthorized biography in
Christ
the Lord: Out of Egypt. Does her
reclaimed faith result in orthodox historical
fiction? What questions does it raise on the
incarnation, the human and divine natures of
Christ?
Vampires to Life
of Christ: Anne Rice's Christ the Lord &
the Incarnation
At
this writing, Christ
the Lord: Out of Egypt sits at #11 on the
definitive New York Times Best-seller List
for hardcover fiction books. That's big enough, but
the real news is who wrote it: vampire-novelist,
self-styled "queen of the damned" Anne Rice, who
claims renewed faith and a full-fledged return to
her Catholic roots. This is quite a shift, 25 years
and 25-odd horror novels later.
Whatever your take, Rice's first installment on
a project to write the life of Christ -- in
first-person, boyish narrative -- is striking and
provocative. Janet Maslin writes in the New York
Times that Rice "delivers the only shock
effects still available to her, after a
career-length cavalcade of kinks: piety and
moderation." Christian cultural apologist and
professor G. E. Veith believes she has navigated a
"perilous project" niftily, maintaining orthodoxy
as well as could be expected (see review below).
Reformed seminary professor Dr. Derek Thomas
questions Rice's influences and her own
understanding of the Christian faith (also
below).
Halfway through my first reading, this editor
found the sparse prose and seven-year-old viewpoint
tough to enter into at first. But perhaps it was my
doubts regarding such an ambitious enterprise that
needled me, things like Rice's inclusion of
elements from the Gnostic Gospels and other
legends. Yet, it's the questions inherent in Rice's
gutsy attempt to capture the heart and mind of
Christ the nascent-yet-eternal Messiah that rocked
me a bit: Was Jesus really afraid, as depicted? Or
being "tempted in all things as we are, yet without
sin," (Hebrews 4:15, NASB) did He simply think
distantly about fear, hate and other sins? The
storyline somehow makes this less theoretical. How
cognizant was He of His own deity? His mission? His
totally unique conception? After all, mention of
Christ's self-awareness is not included in the
canon of Scripture nor is His childhood detailed,
save one story about Him being separated from Mary
and Joseph at the Temple in Jerusalem. Thus, I feel
that it's high time I personally wrestled with the
humanity and deity of Christ, even to meditate on
what that may have looked like. I have Rice to
thank for bringing it up so poignantly.
As with another highly popular contemporary
novel, (supposedly) anchored in historical,
biblical and creedal bases -- The Da Vinci
Code -- Christ the Lord: Out of Egypt
readily issues forth into various deep streams of
research, despite its terse text. This editor found
once again, as Rice makes plain in her afterword,
that one such stream leads into a miry bog indeed:
that of the "search for the historical Jesus." In
fact, liberal scholars engaging in the
historical-critical method have so deconstructed
the Scriptures, particularly the Gospels, that
little is left besides nice, "inclusive" and
"tolerant" passages -- and those with spurious
origins, we are told. Rice has assiduously rejected
the work of such groups as The Jesus Seminar and
navigated around pits they fell into, even as she
weaves such sources as the Gnostic Gospel of
Thomas into her book. She was struck by the
"incoherence and inelegance of the skeptical
argument" (in Derek Thomas' words) after conducting
painstaking research from an array of sources,
including primary ones.
Christmas just having past, the mystery of the
incarnation, the divinity and humanity of Christ
and the context of ancient Palestine seems one way
to dive deeper and linger on the meaning of the
Holiday. We are privileged to provide a start for
you and anyone you wish to pass it on to in our
Special Focus. Further snippets for your
perusal:
Search "Jesus seminar" on LeaderU.com for more:
http://www.leaderu.com/menus/search.html.
For an excerpt from the novel: http://www.beliefnet.com/story/178/story_17807_1.html.
The Council of Chalcedon (451 A.D.) failing to
penetrate the mystery of the divine and human
natures of Christ, offered four precautions that
would protect the Christian from error when
contemplating this mystery:
- Attribute true and proper divinity to
Christ;
- Attribute true and proper humanity to
Christ;
- Do not so mingle the human and divine that
you end up with a being neither human nor
divine;
- Do not dissect Christ so that there are two
persons in one being.
Source: Is My Bible The Inspired Word of
God? Multnomah, 1988.
On Christ the Lord: Out of Egypt by
Anne Rice -- Resources about the book and its
unlikely author:
Perilous
project: But Anne Rice hits an orthodox balance, by
Professor Gene Edward Veith: Veith briefly
notes the careful historical and biblical care
taken by Anne Rice in her novel Christ the Lord:
Out of Egypt. This careful approach, he says, helps
her steer through the perilous project of imagining
Jesus as a boy who awakens to His deity through the
office of his young humanity -- a balance he
believes she strikes well.
Book
in Review: Toothless Vampires and the Holy Grail,
by Dr. Derek Thomas: Reformed theology
professor Derek Thomas reviews vampire novelist
Anne Rice's latest novel, Christ the Lord: Out
of Egypt. He expresses reservations about some
of the theological and historical presuppositions
by which Rice constructs this highly conjectural
story of Christ as a seven-year-old, as well as her
own claims to Christian orthodoxy. Given her goal
to complete a series on the early life of Christ,
this review reads as in interested but fairly
serious spiritual advisory.
Into
the Light, by Lynn Vincent: Feature article on
the stark contrast between novelist Anne Rice's
works on vampires and demons and her newly
revivified Catholic faith, which sparked the goal
of writing the life of Jesus Christ. Her first such
book, Christ the Lord: Out of Egypt,
released in November, 2005, features "the ultimate
supernatural hero" as a seven-year-old boy.
Resources on Christ's Incarnation, Humanity,
Divinity and Self-Awareness:
One of the greatest mysteries and most
controversial doctrines of the Christian faith is
that of the incarnation. Our limitations in
understanding how the divine and human natures of
Christ, as revealed in the canonical Bible,
interact, relate and are even made possible as a
union create thorny religious and philosophical
problems. But on this doctrine, claim such teachers
as Bob Deffinbaugh, stands the possibility of
atonement for sin (among many other things) and,
thus the very reason for Christ's coming as a baby
at all. Not a side-issue, this topic may ultimately
make or break one's faith, thus one's eternal
destiny.
Martin
Luther: Disputation on the Divinity and Humanity of
Christ -- Debate featuring Dr. Martin Luther
(1540): Martin Luther, the Father of the
Reformation, debates theological rival Schwenkfeld
on the nature of Christ's humanity and divinity.
Translated from Latin for the Wittenberg Project,
Luther presents dozens of arguments and sub points
pertaining to Christ's creatureliness, humanity and
divine nature, appealing to Scripture regularly,
but relying on logic--good late medieval
philosophy. In the 16th Century, public
disputations like this were required for doctoral
degrees.
The
Importance of the Incarnation, by Bob Deffinbaugh,
Th.M.: According to Deffinbaugh, the importance
of the incarnation goes to the very core of
Christian orthodoxy (and a true celebration of
Christmas). It directly or indirectly touches on
the toughest problems for the faith: reconciling
Christ's humanity and deity, God's union with man
in salvation, the infallible Word of God through
the agency of man. "Once the doctrine of the
incarnation is set aside, the whole matter of
redemption through the person and work of Christ is
scuttled. And thus we find a great deal of
controversy surrounding this vital doctrine.... In
order for God's purposes and promises to be
fulfilled, the incarnation must occur.... What He
became in the manger centuries ago, is what He
shall forever be -- the God-Man. To deny the
incarnation is to deny the virgin birth, the
miracles of our Lord, His substitutionary
atonement, and His bodily resurrection. In effect,
to deny the incarnation is to deny all. To accept
the incarnation is to believe in all." Deff inbaugh
concludes with implications of the incarnation, the
gracious, essential salvation offered by Christ. An
important article itself.
The
Day Jesus Went AWOL: Luke 2:39-52, by Bob
Deffinbaugh, Th.M.: Deffinbaugh exegetes a
seemingly innocuous passage -- containing the first
recorded words of Christ -- and offers practical
insights for today's believer. Historical context
and an understanding of some of the conundrums
created by Jesus' humanity and divinity help this
study, which is part of a larger body of in-depth
teaching on Luke's Gospel on this richly endowed
site, Bible.org.
The
Deity of Christ, by Don Closson: The belief
that Jesus was and is God has always been a
non-negotiable for Christianity. This belief is
based on Jesus' own words as well as the teachings
of the early church.
A
Theology of Christmas (downloadable PowerPoint
slideshow), by C. Michael Patton , Th.M.:
According to its Bible.org introductory page, this
"presentation offers a unique theological
perspective on Christmas and is useful for sermon,
small group or sunday school discussions. We also
recommend it for anyone who is simply curious about
the relationship between Jesus' combined humanity
and divinity and the tricky implications of such a
religious claim. Broad overview of related
heresies, definition of "hypostatic union," and
more. See introduction page: http://www.bible.org/page.asp?page_id=3446.
Resources on The Jesus Seminar and the
Historical Christ:
Much of what one will find today searching on,
say, Google.com on such terms as "historical Jesus"
will result in sites deeply influenced by The Jesus
Seminar and liberal scholars of similar leanings.
Such fodder includes perspectives ranging from a
mystical "spirit of Jesus" that tends to sap the
practical, literal nature of Scripture to the
outright denial of Jesus Christ as a person of
history -- including His miracles and bodily
Resurrection. Figuring prominently into all of
this: Christ's incarnation and the undiminished
union of human and divine natures. For more
information on such theological bents, see the
resources below:
Presuppositions
and Pretensions of the Jesus Seminar, by Dr.
William Lane Craig: In this first part of a
two-part article, the presuppositions and
pretentions of the Jesus Seminar are exposited and
assessed. It is found that the principal
presuppositions of (i) scientific naturalism, (ii)
the primacy of the apocryphal gospels, and (iii)
the necessity of a politically correct Jesus are
unjustified and issue in a distorted portrait of
the historical Jesus. Although the Jesus Seminar
makes a pretention of speaking for scholarship on
the quest of the historical Jesus, it is shown that
in fact it is a small body of critics in pursuit of
a cultural agenda.
The
Evidence For Jesus, by Dr. William Lane Craig:
Five reasons are presented for thinking that
critics who accept the historical credibility of
the gospel accounts of Jesus do not bear a special
burden of proof relative to more skeptical critics.
Then the historicity of a few specific aspects of
Jesus' life are addressed, including his radical
self-concept as the divine Son of God, his role as
a miracle-worker, his trial and crucifixion, and
his resurrection from the dead.
Books
In Review: The Human Christ: The Misguided
Search for the Historical Jesus, reviewed by
Luke Timothy Johnson. A review of the book
The
Human Christ by Charlotte Allen.
The
Historical Christ, by Rick Wade: Rick Wade
examines the PBS special 'From Jesus to Christ' by
focusing on the theological presuppositions of
those who deny the supernatural and instead search
for the 'historical Jesus.' He examines the
development of these views from Davis Strauss, to
Rudolf Bultmann, to the Jesus Seminar and the work
of Dominic Crosson. Drawing from the work of Craig
Blomberg of Denver Seminary, the author ably
presents arguments for the early dating of the
Synoptic Gospels and the historical accuracy and
authenticity of their authors. Finally, he
demonstrates that the differences in the synoptic
accounts can be reconciled without resorting to
questioning their historicity. The conclusion is
that the Christ of faith is indeed the Jesus of
history.
|